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Temperament
The Temperament setting allows the tuning system used by the CA93/CA63 digital piano to be changed from
the modern ‘Equal Temperament’ standard to one of the various musical temperaments popularised during
the Renaissance and Baroque periods.
Available Temperament types
Temperament type Description
Equal Temperament (piano)
(Equal P.only)
This is the default temperament. When a piano sound is selected, the tuning will be stretched like an
acoustic piano (equal temperament).
* If any other type of sound is selected, the tuning will be set to equal temperament (at).
Pure Temperament (major)
(Pure Major)
Pure Temperament (minor)
(Pure Minor)
This temperament, which eliminates dissonances for thirds and fths, is still popular in choral music
because of its perfect harmony. Any key modulation will result in dissonances.
* The key of the temperament, and major/minor setting must be correctly matched.
Pythagorean Temperament
(Pythagorean)
This temperament, which uses mathematical ratios to eliminate dissonance for fths, is very limited for
use with chords, but produces very characteristic melodic lines.
Meantone Temperament
(Meantone)
This temperament, which uses a mean between a major and minor whole tone to eliminate dissonance
for thirds, was devised to eliminate the lack of consonances experienced with certain fths for the
Mersenne pure temperament.
It produces chords that are more beautiful than those played with equal temperament.
Werckmeister III Temperament
(Werkmeister)
Kirnberger III Temperament
(Kirnberger)
These two temperaments are placed in between Meantone and Pythagorean. For music with few
accidentals, this temperament produces the beautiful chords of the mean tone, but as accidentals
increase, the temperament produces the characteristic melodies of the Pythagorean temperament.
It is used primarily for classical music written in the Baroque era to revive the original characteristics.
Equal Temperament (at)
(Equal Flat)
This is an ‘unstretched’ equal temperament that divides the scale into twelve equal semi-tones. It produces
the same chordal intervals in all twelve keys, and has the advantage of limitless modulation of the key.
However the tonality of each key becomes less characteristic and no chord is in pure consonance.
Equal Temperament
(Equal Stretch)
This is the most popular piano temperament. The hearing ability of a human is uneven and is not as
accurate with high frequency and low frequency as it is with the middle range. This temperament’s
tuning is stretched to compensate for this so the sound will be heard naturally to the ears. This ‘stretched’
equal temperament is a practical variation of the ‘unstretched’ equal temperament which was invented
on a mathematical basis.
User Temperament
(User)
A custom, user temperament, created by raising or lowering the pitch for each semi-tone.