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95
MIDI Implementation
* 1: table 1 (Common Parameter - Partial Mute)
* 2: table 2 (Patch Parameter - Tone Select)
* 3: table 3 (Patch Parameter - Partial Select)
4. Supplementary Material
■
Decimal and Hexadecimal Table
(An “H” is appended to the end of numbers in hexadecimal notation.)
In MIDI documentation, data values and addresses/sizes of Exclusive messages,
etc. are expressed as hexadecimal values for each 7 bits.
The following table shows how these correspond to decimal numbers.
D
: decimal,
H
: hexadecimal
* Decimal values such as MIDI channel, bank select, and program change are
listed as one greater than the values given in the above table.
* A 7-bit byte can express data in the range of 128 steps. For data where greater
precision is required, we must use two or more bytes. For example, two
hexadecimal numbers aa bbH expressing two 7-bit bytes would indicate a value
of aa x 128+bb.
* In the case of values which have a +/- sign, 00H = -64, 40H = +/-0, and 7FH =
+63, so that the decimal expression would be 64 less than the value given in the
above chart. In the case of two types, 00 00H = -8192, 40 00H = +/-0, and 7F 7FH
= +8191. For example, if aa bbH were expressed as decimal, this would be aa
bbH - 40 00H = aa x 128+bb - 64 x 128.
* Data marked “Use nibbled data” is expressed in hexadecimal in 4-bit units. A
value expressed as a 2-byte nibble 0a 0bH has the value of a x 16+b.
<Example1> What is the decimal expression of 5AH?
From the preceding table, 5AH = 90
<Example2> What is the decimal expression of the value 12 34H
given as hexadecimal for each 7 bits?
From the preceding table, since 12H = 18 and 34H = 52
18 x 128+52 = 2356
<Example3> What is the decimal expression of the nibbled value
0A 03 09 0D?
From the preceding table, since 0AH = 10, 03H = 3, 09H = 9, 0DH = 13
((10 x 16+3) x 16+9) x 16+13 = 41885
<Example4> What is the nibbled expression of the decimal value
1258?
16 ) 1258
16 ) 78 ...10
16 ) 4 ...14
0 ... 4
Since from the preceding table, 0 = 00H, 4 = 04H, 14 = 0EH, 10 = 0AH, the result is:
00 04 0E 0AH.
BIN DEC Description
00B
0 Partial2 Off, Partial1 Off
01B 1 Partial2 Off, Partial1 On
10B 2 Partial2 On, Partial1 Off
11B 3 Partial2 On, Partial1 On
BIN
DEC Description
00B 0 Upper Off, Lower Off
01B 1 Upper Off, Lower On
10B 2 Upper On, Lower Off
11B 3 Upper On, Lower On
BIN
DEC Description
0000B 0
Upper Partial2 Off, Upper Partial1 Off,
Lower Partial2 Off,Lower Partial1 Off
0001B 1
Upper Partial2 Off, Upper Partial1 Off,
Lower Partial2 Off,Lower Partial1 On
0010B 2
Upper Partial2 Off, Upper Partial1 Off,
Lower Partial2 On,Lower Partial1 Off
0011B 3
Upper Partial2 Off, Upper Partial1 Off,
Lower Partial2 On,Lower Partial1 On
0100B 4
Upper Partial2 Off, Upper Partial1 On,
Lower Partial2 Off,Lower Partial1 Off
0101B 5
Upper Partial2 Off, Upper Partial1 On,
Lower Partial2 Off,Lower Partial1 On
0110B 6
Upper Partial2 Off, Upper Partial1 On,
Lower Partial2 On,Lower Partial1 Off
0111B 7
Upper Partial2 Off, Upper Partial1 On,
Lower Partial2 On,Lower Partial1 On
1000B 8
Upper Partial2 On, Upper Partial1 Off,
Lower Partial2 Off,Lower Partial1 Off
1001B 9
Upper Partial2 On, Upper Partial1 Off,
Lower Partial2 Off,Lower Partial1 On
1010B 10
Upper Partial2 On, Upper Partial1 Off,
Lower Partial2 On,Lower Partial1 Off
1011B 11
Upper Partial2 On, Upper Partial1 Off,
Lower Partial2 On,Lower Partial1 On
1100B 12
Upper Partial2 On, Upper Partial1 On,
Lower Partial2 Off,Lower Partial1 Off
1101B 13
Upper Partial2 On, Upper Partial1 On,
Lower Partial2 Off,Lower Partial1 On
1110B 14
Upper Partial2 On, Upper Partial1 On,
Lower Partial2 On,Lower Partial1 Off
1111B 15
Upper Partial2 On, Upper Partial1 On,
Lower Partial2 On,Lower Partial1 On
DH
DHDHD H
0 00H
32 20H 64 40H 96 60H
1 01H 33 21H 65 41H 97 61H
2 02H 34 22H 66 42H 98 62H
3 03H 35 23H 67 43H 99 63H
4 04H 36 24H 68 44H 100 64H
5 05H 37 25H 69 45H 101 65H
6 06H 38 26H 70 46H 102 66H
7 07H 39 27H 71 47H 103 67H
8 08H 40 28H 72 48H 104 68H
9 09H 41 29H 73 49H 105 69H
10 0AH 42 2AH 74 4AH 106 6AH
11 0BH 43 2BH 75 4BH 107 6BH
12 0CH 44 2CH 76 4CH 108 6CH
13 0DH 45 2DH 77 4DH 109 6DH
14 0EH 46 2EH 78 4EH 110 6EH
15 0FH 47 2FH 79 4FH 111 6FH
16 10H 48 30H 80 50H 112 70H
17 11H 49 31H 81 51H 113 71H
18 12H 50 32H 82 52H 114 72H
19 13H 51 33H 83 53H 115 73H
20 14H 52 34H 84 54H 116 74H
21 15H 53 35H 85 55H 117 75H
22 16H 54 36H 86 56H 118 76H
23 17H 55 37H 87 57H 119 77H
24 18H 56 38H 88 58H 120 78H
25 19H 57 39H 89 59H 121 79H
26 1AH 58 3AH 90 5AH 122 7AH
27 1BH 59 3BH 91 5BH 123 7BH
28 1CH 60 3CH 92 5CH 124 7CH
29 1DH 61 3DH 93 5DH 125 7DH
30 1EH 62 3EH 94 5EH 126 7EH
31 1FH 63 3FH 95 5FH 127 7FH
DHDHDHD H
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